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ders by lock weight
4. For every $ASTER bought back, an equal amount is burned from reserve — burns execute bi-weekly and continue until total supply reaches 3,000,000,000
#### Spot Listing Fees:
Each permissionless Spot listing incurs a 50,000 USDT fee, which is also used to buy back $ASTER as additional staking rewards. Listing fees are collected weekly and enter the buyback the following week, with staking rewards from this portion taking effect two weeks after listing.
* Listing fee wallet: 0x39C473f4420e4ae9Ab3fe9e7ceDFc08F9684bB1a
### **Key Terms**
<table data-header-hidden><thead><tr><th width="186.45703125"></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Term</strong></td><td><strong>Description</strong></td></tr><tr><td>$ASTER</td><td>Native token used for staking, rewards, and governance</td></tr><tr><td>Validator</td><td>Validator receiving delegated stake</td></tr><tr><td>Delegation</td><td>Relationship between user and validator</td></tr><tr><td>Lock Position</td><td>The staking position tied to a lock duration</td></tr><tr><td>Epoch</td><td>Reward settlement cycle (currently weekly)</td></tr><tr><td>Base APY</td><td>Yield derived from validator performance</td></tr><tr><td>Loyalty Rewards</td><td>Additional yield based on long-term lock commitment, including fee buyback rewards</td></tr><tr><td>veASTER</td><td>Weight metric derived from locked ASTER and lock duration</td></tr><tr><td>Power</td><td>Loyalty reward weight calculated from veASTER and Trading Volume Boost</td></tr><tr><td>Total Power</td><td>Combined Power of all users in a given Epoch</td></tr><tr><td>Penalty</td><td>Penalty applied for exiting before the lock period ends</td></tr></tbody></table>
<br>
# How Staking Works
### Creating a Staking Position
To participate in staking:
1. Connect your wallet and navigate to the [staking page](https://www.asterdex.com/en/staking)
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FhD4cLj2Odb59ZvXvD8Ai%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-03-20%2015.47.32.png?alt=media&token=02521d3b-8ac6-4df5-be33-c811552bda23" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
2. Select a validator and click Stake button
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2Fm4KvHlFQs0z4O2Jp8382%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-03-20%2015.48.41.png?alt=media&token=de0c7d43-743f-4958-b117-f578fca8a9ec" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
3. Enter the amount of $ASTER to stake
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FWYqMQTAKSlreqAyRiFn5%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-03-20%2015.50.16.png?alt=media&token=bb30a92b-aa5b-4e8b-971b-11e5abae1304" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
4. Choose a lock period
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FK8ALuuTtUDC3utTOC09V%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-03-20%2015.50.42.png?alt=media&token=e0a684d0-cd67-4e3b-ae53-7bcf45aecc59" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
5. Confirm the transaction
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FClLBBa2o56ttOKXksv1r%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-03-20%2015.52.45.png?alt=media&token=68b549bb-6e43-46c1-9f2f-896e41d500a3" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
Once confirmed, the staking position becomes active and begins earning rewards in future Epochs.
6. Auto-reinvest 
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2Flx3KlyAagJ58iNuHiDY7%2F%E6%88%AA%E5%B1%8F2026-07-20%2012.42.59.png?alt=media&token=d7d097be-d497-468d-a14e-8aff86f811f1" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
Auto-reinvest automatically reinvests your earned rewards. Click the button to enable this feature. Once Auto-reinvest is enabled, it will apply to all staking positions, not just this stake position.
### **Rewards Pool per Epoch**
Emissions per Epoch at launch:
* Base Rewards pool: 150,000 $ASTER
* Loyalty Rewards pool: 300,000 $ASTER
#### **Base APY**
Base APY is the foundational reward layer tied to validator performance. Each validator receives a share of the Base APY pool proportional to the transactions it processes.
**Validator reward calculation:**
Validator Share = Validator Transactions ÷ Total Network Transactions
Validator Reward = Base APY Pool × Validator Share
**Example:**
If the Base APY pool is 100 $ASTER and a validator processes 40% of network transactions:
Validator Reward = 100 × 40% = 40 ASTER
#### **Your Share of Base APY**
After the validator receives its reward, users earn proportionally based on their stake within that validator.
**User Base Reward Formula:**
User Reward = Validator Reward × (User Stake ÷ Total Validator Stake) × (1 − Validator Commission)
**Example:**
<table data-header-hidden><thead><tr><th width="406.18359375"></th><th></th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Parameter</strong></td><td><strong>Value</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Validator Reward</td><td>40</td></tr><tr><td>Total Validator Stake</td><td>10,000,000 $ASTER</td></tr><tr><td>User Stake</td><td>500,000 $ASTER</td></tr><tr><td>Commission</td><td>10%</td></tr></tbody></table>
User stake ratio = 500,000 ÷ 10,000,000 = **5%**
After commission = 5% × (1 − 10%) = **4.5%**
User reward = 40 × 4.5% = **1.8 ASTER**
#### **Loyalty Rewards**
Loyalty Rewards are designed to reward long-term commitment. The longer you lock, the more you earn.
Reward weight is determined using veASTER and a Trading Volume Boost.
**Power formula:**
Power = veASTER × Boost
**Where:**
veASTER = Locked Amount × Time Weight
Time Weight = Remaining Lock Duration ÷ Maximum Lock Duration
Maximum lock duration = 208 weeks (approximately 4 years)
***
### **Trading Volume Boost**
Your reward weight can be boosted based on your personal trading volume within each Epoch.
| **Your Epoch Trading Volume** | **Boost** |
| ----------------------------- | --------- |
| > 500K | 1.05 |
| > 50M | 1.15 |
| > 200M | 1.25 |
***
### **Loyalty Rewards Distribution**
Loyalty Rewards are distributed proportionally based on Power share.
**User Weekly Reward:**
User Reward = Weekly Loyalty Pool × (User Power ÷ Total Network Power)
**Example:**
| **Parameter** | **Value** |
| ------------------- | -------------- |
| Weekly Loyalty Pool | 100,000 $ASTER |
| Total Network Power | 1,000,000 |
| User Power | 5,000 |
User share = 5,000 ÷ 1,000,000 = **0.5%**
User reward = 100,000 × 0.5% = **500 $ASTER**
***
### **Epoch Settlement**
Rewards are calculated and distributed using weekly Epoch cycles. Each Epoch runs Monday through Sunday. A snapshot of staking data is taken at Monday 00:00 UTC.
| **Event** | **Timing** |
| ----------- | ---------------- |
| Epoch Start | Monday 00:00 UTC |
| Snapshot | Monday 00:00 UTC |
Operations that take effect in the next Epoch include:
* New stake deposits
* Additional stake top-ups
* Lock extensions
* Redeem requests
# Early Exit Mechanism
Users may exit before the lock period ends, but doing so triggers a penalty. The penalty depends on how much time remains before the original unlock date.
**Penalty formula:**
`Penalty Amount = unlockAmount × max(N%, min(M%, lock_duration_left ÷ 4 years))`
**Where:**
| **Parameter** | **Meaning** |
| -------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| unlockAmount | Principal to withdraw |
| lock\_duration\_left | Remaining lock duration |
| M% | Maximum penalty rate (example: 60%) |
| N% | Minimum penalty rate (example: 2%) |
#### **Penalty Examples**
**Assuming:**
Stake = 10,000 ASTER ,Maximum penalty = 60% ,Minimum penalty = 2%
| **Scenario** | **Remaining Lock** | **Penalty Rate** | **Penalty Amount** |
| ------------------ | ------------------ | ---------------- | ------------------ |
| Exit immediately | 4 years | 60% | 6,000 $ASTER |
| Exit after 1 year | 3 years | 60% | 6,000 $ASTER |
| Exit after 2 years | 2 years | 50% | 5,000 $ASTER |
| Exit after 3 years | 1 year | 25% | 2,500 $ASTER |
| Exit near maturity | 0.05 years | 2% | 200 $ASTER |
| Exit at maturity | 0 | 0% | 0 $ASTER |
**Net withdrawal amount:**
`Net Amount = Principal − Penalty Amount + Accumulated Rewards`
Penalized tokens are redistributed according to protocol rules:
* A portion enters the next epoch reward pool
* A portion goes to the ecosystem fund
# Frequently Asked Questions
### **1. Why do I need to choose both a validator and a lock period when staking?**
Aster Chain staking distributes rewards through two layers. The validator you select determines your Base APY, while the lock period determines your Loyalty Rewards weight. Both choices work together to determine your total staking rewards.
### **2. Does a new stake start earning rewards immediately?**
No. New stakes, additional deposits, and lock extensions typically begin earning rewards from the next epoch.
### **3. Are rewards distributed in real time?**
No. Rewards are settled once per Epoch, which currently occurs on a weekly basis. Each Epoch is seven days, running from Monday at 00:00 UTC to Sunday at 23:59 UTC.
### **4. What factors affect my staking rewards?**
Your total rewards depend on several factors, including:
* The validator's transaction contribution
* The validator's commission rate
* Your share of the total stake within the validator
* Your lock period
* Your veASTER weight
* Network-wide staking participation and total Power
Because rewards are distributed proportionally, actual returns may vary depending on overall network conditions.
### **5. Can I add more $ASTER to an existing staking position?**
Yes. You can increase your stake at any time. However, all staking positions share a unified lock period, meaning newly added tokens must follow the same unlock schedule as your existing stake.
### **6. Can I extend my lock period?**
Yes. You may extend your lock duration to increase your veASTER weight, which can increase your share of Loyalty Rewards. When the lock period is extended, the new unlock date applies to your entire staking position.
### **7. Can I switch validators during staking?**
Yes. Users can switch their delegated stake to a different validator at any time. The change takes effect in the next Epoch, after which rewards will begin accruing from the new validator.
### **8. Can I exit staking early?**
Yes. Users may request to unlock their stake before the lock period ends. However, early exits trigger a penalty, which increases with the amount of time remaining in the lock period.
### **9. What happens to penalized tokens?**
Penalized tokens are redistributed according to protocol rules. A portion is added to future staking reward pools, while another portion is allocated to the ecosystem fund.
This mechanism discourages short-term staking while benefiting long-term participants.
### **10. Will I be penalized if I exit after the lock period ends?**
No. If you exit staking at or after the scheduled unlock time, no penalty is applied. Your principal and accumulated rewards can be withdrawn normally.
<br>
# Testnet
### **What is the Aster Testnet?**
The Aster Testnet is a blockchain network established solely for testing new features and products for Aster users. No tokens — or trades made — on the testnet have any financial value.
### **How to use the Aster Testnet**
#### **Accessing the Testnet**
You can access the Testnet via [www.asterdex-testnet.com](https://www.asterdex-testnet.com).
The default network is **BNB Chain Testnet**. Please make sure your wallet supports BNB Chain Testnet before proceeding.
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FCloQp6rWoaJL7660SwV3%2Fimage.png?alt=media&token=3fe43c37-f3ee-415f-8f9b-eceb8b282c12" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
### Get Testnet Tokens 
Users can claim Testnet tokens from the [Faucet page](https://www.asterdex-testnet.com/en/faucet).
Each user can claim:
* 1,000 USDT (Testnet)
* 1,000 ASTER (Testnet)
Token claims are available **once per day.**
<figure><img src="https://4068247257-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2FWhSHuKmgnGREbVb12PK2%2Fuploads%2FzWayvWlIAZ00V8cujsuJ%2Fimage.png?alt=media&token=d3368876-7a55-4f05-80c1-2a9d4208386b" alt=""><figcaption></figcaption></figure>
### **Important Notes**
* The Testnet does not support user-initiated deposits, withdrawals, or internal transfers at this stage.
* Please manage your Testnet assets carefully and do not treat Testnet tokens as real assets.
# Governance
Listing Vote
## **Overview**
Listing Vote is a permissionless listing mechanism on Aster Chain. Any active validator can propose a new listing, and proposals are decided by on-chain vote weighted by staked $ASTER.
This process ensures that listing decisions are transparent, on-chain verifiable, and governed by the validators that secure the network.
***
### **How It Works**
* A Validator proposes a new listing (e.g. BTC/U as a perp pair).
* All active validators vote: **Approved / Rejected / Not Voted (Abstain)**
* Votes are weighted by each validator's **currently active staked $ASTER**
* A proposal passes only if **both** of the following conditions are met:
* Approve **stake > 50%** of total active stake
* Approve validator **count > 50%** of total active validators
Pending stakes and in-progress withdrawals are **not counted** toward vote weight. Validators in **inactive** status cannot vote and are not counted in the totals.
### **Eligibility**
To become an active validator on Aster Chain and participate in Listing Vote: 
\- Stake a minimum of \*\*20M $ASTER\*\* 
\- Maintain active validator status
### **Voting Rules**
| Parameter | Value |
| ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Who can vote | Active Validator nodes |
| Vote options | Approved / Rejected / Not Voted (Abstain) |
| Vote weight | Proportional to active staked $ASTER |
| Passing threshold | Approve stake > 50% of total active stake **AND** Approve validator count > 50% of total active validators |
***
### **Voting Lifecycle**
Proposed → Voting → Approved / Rejected
* **Voting** — The proposal is open. Validators cast their votes. Results update in real-time.
* **Approved** — Both stake and validator count thresholds are met; the token will be listed.
* **Rejected** — Either threshold failed.
***
### **For Validators**
If you are an active validator on Aster Chain, you can:
* Propose new listings
* Vote on any active listing proposal: Approve, Reject, or stay as Not Voted
* Votes are recorded on-chain
***
### **FAQ**
**Q: How is the vote result calculated?**
A: A proposal passes only when **both** the Approve stake exceeds 50% of total active stake and the Approve validator count exceeds 50% of total active validators.
**Q: Does every node have the same vote weight?**
A: No. Stake-side weight is proportional to each validator's active staked $ASTER. More stake means more influence. The validator-count threshold treats every active validatorequally (one validator = one count).
**Q: What counts as "active stake"?**
A: Only currently effective staked $ASTER. Pending stakes and in-progress withdrawals are excluded.
**Q: Can inactive validators vote?**
A: No. Validators in inactive status cannot vote.
**Q: Who can propose a new listing?**
A: Any active validator node can propose a new token listing.
**Q: How do I become a validator?**
**A: Stake a minimum of 20M $ASTER and maintain active validator status.** 
<br>
# Spot Listing Application
### Overview <a href="#overview" id="overview"></a>
You can apply for **Aster's Fast-Track Listing channel**. Pay a one-time listing fee and, upon passing the on-chain validator node vote, your token will go live on Aster Spot.
***
### 1. Fee\&Review
There are different fees for different level of tokens<br>
* **Binance Spot listed or list in both Binance futures and Alpha** — **50,000** USDT
* **Only list in Binance Alpha** — **20,000** USDT
* **Other tokens** — **20,000** USDT<br>
Note: Each wallet address may submit only one application. Addresses associated with an already-listed token cannot re-apply. \
\
Review mechanism: On-chain validator node vote
***
### 3. How to Apply
**Step 1** — **Deposit & balance** check Deposit USDT into your Spot account and ensure your balance covers the listing fee before proceeding.
**Step 2** — **Transfer required USDT** On the application page, transfer the fee to the designated address. Privacy Mode must be OFF before initiating the transfer. If Privacy Mode is on, the application will be blocked at this step, and the progress card will display: "Waiting for you to turn off Privacy Mode."
**Step 3** — **Submit the application form** Complete all required fields marked with \*. Fill in your project information truthfully — applications flagged as abnormal may be rejected.
| **Group** | **Required fields** | **Optional fields** |
| ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------- | ---------------------------------------- |
| Project info | Project Name, Token Symbol, Network, Contract Address | — |
| Token details | Decimals, Logo (PNG/SVG), Max Supply, Circulating Supply | — |
| Channels & links | Binance Alpha Link | Website, Twitter (X), Telegram / Discord |
| Contact | Contact Person, Email or Telegram | — |
### Step 4 — Review & Node Vote 
Once eligibility and payment checks pass, the application enters an on-chain validator node vote. Voting is normally completed within T+3; extensions may apply in special circumstances. Once the vote passes, the listing is finalized. **If the vote doesn't pass, the fee is returned.**
<br>
# Product releases
**Week starting 22/9/2025**
* Aster Perpetual
* [$HYPE is now listed](https://x.com/Aster_DEX/status/1970125596807331958) on Aster Perpetual with up to 300x leverage
* [$AIA, $BARD, $BLESS, $0G, $STBL, $TRADOOR, AND $TOSHI](https://x.com/Aster_DEX/status/1970840176370065844) are now listed on Aster Perpetual with up to 50x leverage
* If aFEE is insufficient, trading fee will be deducted in ASTER (with 5% discount) 
* Several improvements and bug fixes
* Grid trading now supports Binance Wallet connections
* Aster Spot
* Added a warning for market orders with price impact greater than 5%
* Option to pay fee in ASTER with a 5% discount
* Several improvements and bug fixes
* Aster app
* Swap BNB to asBNB and USDT to USDF directly in the Assets tab, or auto-mint when depositing
* Claim your asBNB ecosystem rewards directly in the app
* Several improvements and bug fixes
**Week starting 15/9/2025**
* $ASTER
* [Exchange](https://www.asterdex.com/en/apx-upgrade) your $APX for $ASTER (you can also [redeem](https://www.apollox.finance/en/governance) your veNFTs without penalty)
* Trade $ASTER on [Aster Spot](https://www.asterdex.com/en/spot/ASTERUSDT)
* Trade $ASTER on Aster Perpetual with up to 10x leverage on [Aster Perpetual](https://www.asterdex.com/en/futures/v1/ASTERUSDT)
* Aster Perpetual
* [$HOLO, $UB, $XPIN, and $ZKC](https://x.com/Aster_DEX/status/1968928555146084630) are now listed on Aster Perpetual with up to 50x leverage
* Smoother process for adding margin to positions in single-asset mode
* Improvements and bug fixes
* Aster Spot
* Improvements and bug fixes
* Aster app (hotfix)
* Fixed crashes caused by certain scenarios
**Week starting 8/9/2025**
* $ASTER
* Check your $ASTER eligibility and allocation프로젝트로 돌아가기
