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On this page Table of Contents Executive Summary Background on aelf The evolving blockchain landscape The AI revolution and its impact on blockchain aelf's AI-enhanced architecture AI integration points in the aelf ecosystem Operational Excellence Machine Learning for Smart Contract Optimisation AI Oracle on aelf Intelligent Load Balancing for aelf AI-Facilitated Cross-Chain Interoperability for aelf AI-Driven Node Selection and Validation for aelf Developer and User Experience Enabling Non-Technical Users to Create Smart Contracts with NLP on aelf AI based Smart Contract Audit for Developers on aelf Enhancing User and Developer Experience with AI-Powered Chatbots on aelf Beyond AI - A Modular Blockchain Roadmap References and further readings Table of Contents ## / aelf Documentation aelf is a high-performance, cloud-native, layer-1 blockchain with Mainnet nodes in cloud data centers. It supports parallel smart contract execution, microservices, and scalable MainChain and multi-dAppChains architecture. The cross-chain design enables fast data interaction, and its hybrid aelf dAppChain model reduces costs and boosts network performance. 🏁 Quick Start For developers Hello World contract Lottery Game contract DAO dApp NFT dApp ToDo dApp Tic-Tac-Toe dApp Expense Tracker dApp Staking dApp Dice Game dApp NFT Indexer dApp For node operators Simulate a BP node Set up a node on testnet Set up a node on mainnet Apply to be a BP Set up a side chain Run aelf on Cloud 📚 Understanding aelf Core - aelf's core architecture Cross-chain - aelf's cross-chain architecture Consensus - Understanding aelf's consensus mechanism Network - Exploring aelf's network architecture Boot Sequence - Learn about aelf's boot sequence Addresses - Managing aelf's blockchain addresses Transactions - Handling transaction processes Smart Contract - aelf's smart contract architecture ACS Introduction - An introduction to aelf contract system 🛠️ Tools Playground - Play with aelf in your browser Wallet - Integrate your dApp with Portkey wallet Faucet - Test your dApp with aelf test tokens Oracle - Transfer tamper-proof data from off-chain to on-chain Indexer - Query blockchain data from a database aelf SDK - Develop blockchain specific applications using aelf SDK aelf CLI - Execute blockchain operations via CLI 🔖 Resources Whitepaper 2.0 - Featuring AI + Blockchain Tokenomics - Economic and Governance Other - Other resources ## /quick-start 🗃️ For Developers Learn to build DApps on aelf 🗃️ For Node Operators Learn to set up and operate an aelf Node 🗃️ Advance Tutorials Master advanced dApp development on aelf ## /learn 🗃️ Core Architecture of aelf 🗃️ Cross Chain Cross Chain mechanics 📄️ Consensus aelf consensus mechanism 📄️ Network aelf's network layer 📄️ Boot Sequence aelf's node startup process 📄️ Addresses How aelf addresses work 📄️ Transactions How transactions modify state 🗃️ Smart Contract How aelf smart contracts work 🗃️ ACS aelf Contract Standards ## /tools 📄️ Playground Play with aelf in your browser. 📄️ aelf-Studio A tool to simplify building, testing, and deploying smart contracts on aelf blockchain. 🔗 Wallet Integrate your dApp with Portkey wallet 📄️ Faucet Test your dApp with aelf test tokens 🗃️ Oracle Decentralized oracle network 🔗 Indexer Query blockchain data from a database 🗃️ aelf SDK Command-line interface for aelf 🗃️ aelf CLI Command-line interface for aelf ## /tools/aelf-playground On this page aelf Playground 1. Introduction aelf Playground is a sandbox for new developers who want to experience smart contract development with aelf without installing any tools on their local computer. 2. Setting up No setup is needed. Simply visit aelf Playground in your browser. 3. Using aelf Playground Create a New Project on aelf-playground Click on one of the templates: Enter a project name and click Submit. After a short while, the workspace will load: The interaction with the workspace project code inside src and test folders will be demonstated in the next steps. The next steps will cover writing and building the smart contract. An existing template can also be used. Use the drag and drop feature to upload the local files. Upload files button can also be used select files from the local system. Enter the workspace name. The new workspace will have src and test folders with the following file tree structure. Alternatively, the existing workspace can also be chosen Also, you can choose to import the project directly from the github. Click on enter a GitHub repo url . Enter the github URL. Choose the required .csproj file. Enter the workspace name and click Submit. Features of the aelf-playground Now as the workspace setup is done and project is setup inside aelf's playground. The user can now edit the smart contract logic according to the user needs. The changes will majorly takes place inside the below files: src/Protobuf/contract/ contract_proto_file_name .proto file src/ ContractName .cs src/ ContractName State.cs Once all the changes are done in the above files and all other required files (whereever nacessary). Then below operations can be performed on the selected workspace project: AI Audit : Complete the AI audit of the written smart contract. Result similar to below image will be visible once the AI audit completes. The interpretation of the AI audit results will be shown when you hover over the smart contract code once the audit finishes. Save Gas Fee : Optimise the smart contract to save gas fee. It will suggest to make changes to the smart contract if the smart contract is not optimised. If the smart contract is already optimed then result like below will appear. Build : Build the smart contract code. It will show building status when the user clicks the Build button and will output below result including whether build was successful or failed once the build process ends. Test : Test the smart contract code. It will show Running Tests status when the user clicks the Test button and will output below result including how many tests have passed and failed once the test process ends. Deploy : Deploy the smart contract code on the aelf blockchain. It will show Deploying status when the user clicks the Deploy button and will output below result including transactionId , proposal status and contract address once the build process ends. You can verify the contract address by visiting aelf testnet explorer . Contract Viewer : The Contract Viewer in the Playground automatically appears after a smart contract is deployed, allowing users to test and interact with the contract immediately. This feature displays all available contract functions, both read and write, enabling users to execute them directly within the Playground. It provides a streamlined way to explore and perform actions on the contract without additional setup, making contract testing and function execution more accessible. Export : Export the project in a local directory. It will open an alert to save the workspace in the local directory. Users can rename the local directory. Share : Share the project with a sharable link. It will show Generating share link status when the user clicks the Share button and will output below result including the sharable link. Command Line Options : Command line additionally provides options to check txID and clear terminal including above options. Use the help command to see all the options inside terminal. check txID helps in checking the transaction details. Upload Files : Upload more files to the project when necessary. It will show a drag and drop files section to drop files from the local directory. Add a New File : Manually add a new file in the playground project structure. It will allow users to add a new file in the workspace project structure add smart contract code, new proto files, etc. Rename & Delete File : Renames & Deletes the chosen file or folders in the project directory structure. Tutorials : Some pre-compiled tutorials are curated under Tutorials section of aelf-playground. It provides an option to filter the tutorials based on the difficulty level ( Beginner , Intermediate & Advanced ) and smart contracts languages (C# & Solidity). Deployments : Deployments section provides a list of all deployed tutorials along with the wallet address used to deploy smart contracts on the aelf blockchain. You can click on the wallet address to view wallet details on the aelf explorer. Privatekey : You can export your wallet's private key from the Deployments section. Simply click the eye icon to reveal the private key, which you can then copy. Themes : Users can also choose to toggle between dark and light themes. 4. Example Now it's time to creat a Todo-dApp using playground. Setup Todo Smart Contract Project Open aelf Playground in your browser. Select the Hello World Template. Enter the "todo-dapp" Name of a new workspace and Press the Submit button. You will be redirect to workspace page with specific folders like src and test . Rename File Name Rename the proto file name hello_world_contract.proto inside folder src/Protobuf/contract/ to todo_app.proto Prepare the Todo Functions The implementation of todo_app.proto file inside folder src/Protobuf/contract/ is as follows: todo_app.proto syntax = "proto3" ; import "aelf/options.proto" ; import "google/protobuf/empty.proto" ; import "google/protobuf/wrappers.proto" ; import "Protobuf/reference/acs12.proto" ; // The namespace of this class option csharp_namespace = "AElf.Contracts.ToDo" ; service ToDo { // The name of the state class the smart contract is going to use to access blockchain state option ( aelf . csharp_state ) = "AElf.Contracts.ToDo.ToDoState" ; option ( aelf . base ) = "Protobuf/reference/acs12.proto" ; rpc Initialize ( google . protobuf . Empty ) returns ( google . protobuf . Empty ) { } rpc CreateTask ( TaskInput ) returns ( google . protobuf . StringValue ) { } rpc UpdateTask ( TaskUpdateInput ) returns ( google . protobuf . Empty ) { } rpc DeleteTask ( google . protobuf . StringValue ) returns ( google . protobuf . Empty ) { } rpc ListTasks ( google . protobuf . StringValue ) returns ( TaskList ) { option ( aelf . is_view ) = true ; } rpc GetTask ( google . protobuf . StringValue ) returns ( Task ) { option ( aelf . is_view ) = true ; } rpc GetInitialStatus ( google . protobuf . Empty ) returns ( google . protobuf . BoolValue ) { option ( aelf . is_view ) = true ; } } // A message to represent a task message Task { string task_id = 1 ; string name = 2 ; string description = 3 ; string category = 4 ; string status = 5 ; string owner = 6 ; int64 created_at = 7 ; int64 updated_at = 8 ; } // Input for creating a task message TaskInput { string name = 1 ; string description = 2 ; string category = 3 ; } // Input for updating a task message TaskUpdateInput { string task_id = 1 ; string name = 2 ; string description = 3 ; string category = 4 ; string status = 5 ; } // List of tasks message TaskList { repeated Task tasks = 1 ; } rpc methods define the callable functions within the contract, allowing external systems to interact with the contract's logic. message represent the structured data exchanged between the contract and external systems. Define Contract States The implementation of the ToDo app state inside file src/todo-dappState.cs is as follows: src/todo-dappState.cs using AElf . Sdk . CSharp . State ; using AElf . Types ; namespace AElf . Contracts . ToDo { public class ToDoState : ContractState { public BoolState Initialized { get ; set ; } public SingletonState < Address > Owner { get ; set ; } public MappedState < string , Task > Tasks { get ; set ; } // Mapping of task ID to Task public MappedState < string , bool > TaskExistence { get ; set ; } // Mapping to track task existence public StringState TaskIds { get ; set ; } // Concatenated string of task IDs public Int32State TaskCounter { get ; set ; } // Counter for generating unique IDs } } The State.cs file in an aelf blockchain smart contract holds the variables that store the contract's data, making sure this data is saved and accessible whenever the contract needs it. Implement ToDo Smart Contract The implementation of the ToDo App smart contract inside file src/todo-dapp.cs is as follows: src/todo-dapp.cs using Google . Protobuf . WellKnownTypes ; using System . Collections . Generic ; namespace AElf . Contracts . ToDo { public class ToDo : ToDoContainer . ToDoBase { public override Empty Initialize ( Empty input ) { if ( State . Initialized . Value ) { return new Empty ( ) ; } State . Initialized . Value = true ; State . Owner . Value = Context . Sender ; State . TaskIds . Value = "" ; State . TaskCounter . Value = 0 ; return new Empty ( ) ; } public override StringValue CreateTask ( TaskInput input ) { if ( ! State . Initialized . Value ) { return new StringValue { Value = "Contract not initialized." } ; } var taskId = ( State . TaskCounter . Value + 1 ) . ToString ( ) ; State . TaskCounter . Value ++ ; var timestamp = Context . CurrentBlockTime . Seconds ; // Create task dictionary entry directly in ToDo class State . Tasks [ taskId ] = new Task { TaskId = taskId , Name = input . Name , Description = input . Description , Category = input . Category , Status = "pending" , CreatedAt = timestamp , UpdatedAt = timestamp , Owner = Context . Sender . ToString ( ) . Trim ( '"' ) , } ; State . TaskExistence [ taskId ] = true ; // Append task ID to the list of IDs var existingTaskIds = State . TaskIds . Value ; existingTaskIds += string . IsNullOrEmpty ( existingTaskIds ) ? taskId : $", { taskId } " ; State . TaskIds . Value = existingTaskIds ; return new StringValue { Value = taskId } ; } public override Empty UpdateTask ( TaskUpdateInput input ) { var task = State . Tasks [ input . TaskId ] ; if ( task == null ) { return new Empty ( ) ; // Handle case if task doesn't exist } task . Name = input . Name ?? task . Name ; task . Description = input . Description ?? task . Description ; task . Category = input . Category ?? task . Category ; task . Status = input . Status ?? task . Status ; task . UpdatedAt = Context . CurrentBlockTime . Seconds ; State . Tasks [ input . TaskId ] = task ; return new Empty ( ) ; } public override Empty DeleteTask ( StringValue input ) { State . Tasks . Remove ( input . Value ) ; State . TaskExistence . Remove ( input . Value ) ; // Remove task ID from the list of IDs var existingTaskIds = State . TaskIds . Value . Split ( ',' ) ; var newTaskIds = new List < string > ( existingTaskIds . Length ) ; foreach ( var taskId in existingTaskIds ) { if ( taskId != input . Value ) { newTaskIds . Add ( taskId ) ; } } State . TaskIds . Value = string . Join ( "," , newTaskIds ) ; return new Empty ( ) ; } public override TaskList ListTasks ( StringValue input ) { var owner = input . Value ; // Get the owner value from the input var taskList = new TaskList ( ) ; var taskIds = State . TaskIds . Value . Split ( ',' ) ; foreach ( var taskId in taskIds ) { var task = State . Tasks [ taskId ] ; if ( task != null && task . Owner == owner ) // Filter tasks by owner { taskList . Tasks . Add ( task ) ; } } return taskList ; } public override Task GetTask ( StringValue input ) { var task = State . Tasks [ input . Value ] ; if ( task == null ) { return new Task { TaskId = input . Value , Name = "Task not found." } ; } return task ; } public override BoolValue GetInitialStatus ( Empty input ) { return new BoolValue { Value = State . Initialized . Value } ; } } } Ai Audit Report Click on AI Audit Icon to generate the AI Audit report. The Report will be visible once the AI audit completes. It will provides suggestion for Todo functions as shown below so apply the suggetion and make your Todo smart contract more better. Save Gas Fee Click on Save Gas Fee Icon and It will suggest to make changes if contract need to be optimised otherwise it shows result like below. Building Smart Contract Click on Build Icon for generate the build. Once Build create successfully, You will get Build successful message in terminal. Deploy Smart Contract Click on Deploy Icon for deploy the smart contract. Once your smart contract deploy successfully, You will get Contract Address in terminal. Contract Viewer The Contract Viewer will appear once your contract is successfully deployed, allowing you to execute all functions directly within the Playground. Export Smart Contract Click on Export Icon for download the smart contract. Once your smart contract exported successfully, You will get it in zip format like below. Share Link Click on Share Icon to generate the share link of the smart contract. Share link will be generated and You will get it in terminal. Deployment Click on Deployment link to get deployment data of our recent deployed smart contract. You will receive data about the deployed contract and wallet address, and you can click on them to view more details related to the wallet and contract. 🎉 Congratulations, We got the contract address after successful deployment of todo-dapp smart contract using playground. Conclusion The aelf Playground offers a seamless and accessible platform for developers to build, test, and deploy smart contracts without the need for any local setup. With built-in features like AI audit, gas fee optimization, and GitHub integration, it simplifies the entire smart contract development process. Whether you're writing new code or modifying existing templates, the aelf Playground provides all the essential tools in one place, making it an ideal sandbox for both beginners and experienced developers. 1. Introduction 2. Setting up 3. Using aelf Playground Create a New Project on aelf-playground Features of the aelf-playground 4. Example Setup Todo Smart Contract Project Rename File Name Prepare the Todo Functions Ai Audit Report Save Gas Fee Building Smart Contract Deploy Smart Contract Contract Viewer Export Smart Contract Share Link Deployment Conclusion ## /resources 🗃️ Whitepaper 2.0 Featuring AI + Blockchain 📄️ Whitepaper 1.0 The original aelf Whitepaper 📄️ Tokenomics Economic and Governance 📄️ Integration Guide Learn how to integrate with other tools and DApps 📄️ Wallet and Block Explorer Manage your assets and explore aelf's blockchain data 📄️ Browser Extension Interact with the aelf blockchain via the web extension 📄️ DevOps Tools to build and deploy efficiently 📄️ Protobuf Extension An open-source gRPC 📄️ Contribution Guide Contribute to aelf ## /resources/whitepaper-2/executive-summary Download our latest Whitepaper v2.0 here . aelf is a cutting-edge multi-chain blockchain framework launched in December 2017, utilising the powerful C# programming language. Its multi-layered structure, featuring MainChain and dAppChains, effectively tackles the challenges of traditional blockchain systems, such as performance bottlenecks and data complexity. This architecture improves scalability and reduces congestion by distributing tasks across multiple chains. With an emphasis on developer customisation and parallel processing, aelf's framework is versatile, supporting a wide range of applications from digital asset management to DeFi. For aelf's